The world wide popularity of Spring onions is obvious from the number of names they go by including: Scallions, green onions, spring onions, salad onions, shallots (Australia), eschallots, Japanese or Welsh bunching onions (these grow in clumps rather than singly), green onions (China) and Egyptian or tree onions. green shallots, onion sticks, syboes or jibbons (the one I grew up with) They have to be one of the most versatile members of the onion family. Use them in your salads, as a garnish to soups and sandwiches or sizzle them in stir-fries. So, if you were wondering if Green onions and scallions (or any of these other names) are actually the same thing then - Yes, they are!

Where to Sow Spring Onions

Like most onions, Spring Onions prefer a light soil, but there will grow in most soils that are rich in organic matter. Crop rotation helps prevent infection from pests and diseases.

Spring onions do not have very deep roots so can be sown either in the ground or in a Raised Bed or Shallow Vegetable Planter. They can also be grown in window boxes in a peat free potting mix such as Growlite.

They might be a nice thing to have growing in a sheltered spot just outside your back door.  Spring Onions grow best in an open sunny site, but can tolerate some shade. 

How to Sow Spring Onions

How to Sow Spring Onions in Spring and Summer

Sow thinly 1cm (½in) deep from March to September in rows 10cm (4in) apart. It is best to sow a few seeds every 2 weeks to give you a regular summer harvest. Thin until they are about 2.5cm (1in) apart and use thinnings to add flavour to your meals. 

How to Sow Spring Onions in Autumn 

Winter hardy varieties are available. You can sow these from August to October. Ones planted later in the season may take longer than 8 weeks to mature depending on the temperature. If you are impatient to eat them then keep them warmer by using a greenhouse, Bell Cloche, Easy-Tunnel or a Grower Frame. Wherever you grow them, you can enjoy some young shoots during winter and leave the remainder to mature. The main crop will overwinter nicely and be ready in Spring.

Caring for Spring Onions

They are easy to care for.  Water in dry condition and mulch to maintain soil moisture and keep the soil weed free so your seedlings don't have to compete. during the growing season.

Protect overwintering spring onions with a cloche in cold weather - Easy Tunnel would be ideal.

They will take around 8 weeks to grow to maturity. 

Spring Onion Pests & Diseases

Onion fly & Eelworm:

Onion fly is the main pest, turning the leaves yellow as the bulb is eaten by the maggots eventually killing the plants. Onion eelworm is another major pest killing young plants and damaging older ones by softening the bulbs. Destroy affected plants. 

Onion white rot:

This is a soil-borne fungus that rots the roots and bulb under the soil. The first you will know of it is yellowing leaves and wilting of the foliage above ground. A white fluffy fungus appears on the bulb and it later becomes covered in small, round black structures. There is no chemical cure for onion white rot once it is in the soil. It lasts for years and can't be eradicated. However it will remain dormant in the soil unless a member of the onion family is planted there so the only solution is not to grow onions there again. Clear all the plants as soon as you spot the disease. Dispose of them by burning or putting in your household waste. Do not compost! Also clean all tools used as it is transported in contaminated soil. Be careful to clean footwear too so you don't contaminate other areas of the garden or worse still a neighbours plot. 

Onion downy mildew:

This is a fungal disease that damages foliage and bulbs, resulting in poor yields. It is a particular associated with damp conditions. If you spot it, remove any infected leaves. Thin and weed regularly to space plants correctly so that air can circulate around them and they have plenty of light. Also, avoid overhead watering if possible. 

Harvesting Spring Onions

From sowing to harvesting takes around seven to eight weeks.

Pull the spring onions when the plants are, around 15cm (6in) tall and the bulb is no more than 1-2.5cm (½-1in) across.Use a small hand fork to loosen the ground before pulling. Thin out the crop when harvesting, taking out every other plant and leaving the rest to grow on. 

You might want to leave a few to go to seed as a treat for the bees and to get free seeds for next year.

Collect the seeds by snipping off the flower head and storing in a paper bag for a couple of weeks until dried. Then shake the seed head into the bag and store in a cool dark place until you are ready to sow again.

Eating & Storing Spring Onions

Spring Onions are a salad essential and can be eaten either raw or cooked. However, they must be eaten fresh and cannot be stored like other onions - a perfect reason to grow them at home and enjoy fresh from the garden.